Basic design principles pdf

Elements structure and carry the work. These can vary in size, value, regularity or irregularity, and can be used alone or as a unit in a group which forms a line or shape in the image.

As you can see, a rectangle is used to restrict the subject area. The point at centre immediately takes focus of the eye. It makes the eye move away from the border and move back and forth between those two points. They signify a shape. However, the dense area is able to gain more attention than the rest. The direction of a line can convey mood. Horizontal lines are calm and quiet, vertical lines suggest more of a potential for movement, while diagonal lines strongly suggest movement and give more of a feeling of vitality to a picture.

A line is a series of marks, or points. The direction, weight, and character of line convey many different states and emotions. Hence the eye has more focus near that corner than the others. Shapes have two dimensions, length and width, and can be geometric or free-form. They can be measured in terms of height, width, breadth. Form describes volume and mass, or the three dimensional aspects of objects that take up space. Shape is two-dimensional Forms can and should be viewed from any angles When you hold a baseball, shoe, or small sculpture, you are aware of their curves, angles, indentations, extensions, and edgestheir forms.

It has width, height, and depth. Two-dimensional design is concerned with the flat space that the design takes place on and the illusion of three-dimensional space. White space is an important part of your design. They represent a common language of communication. Each colour has a mood, an emotion and different levels of significance. Colours can reflect warm or cool, hard or soft, light or dark, passive or active, all of which when used individually or in combination of one another greatly affects the mood.

Textures can create a more three-dimensional appearance on this two-dimensional surface. The way in which these principles are applied affects the expressive content, or the message of the work.

As a design principle, balance places the parts of a visual in an aesthetically pleasing arrangement. In a composition, balance is formal when both sides are symmetrical in terms of arrangement. Symmetrical Balance Leonardo da Vinci, Last supper. Leonardo da Vinci, Mona Lisa.

Informal balance is more dynamic than formal balance and normally keeps the learner's attention focused on the visual message. It is the relationship between objects, or parts, of a whole. It is necessary to discuss proportion in terms of the context or standard , used to determine proportions. Variety is essential to keep rhythms exciting and active, and to avoid monotony. What makes you engage with a piece of content or out in the world? What elements draw you in and what missteps turn you off?

Alignment Alignment is an important fundamental of design, since it helps create a sharp, ordered appearance by ensuring the elements have a pleasing connection with each other. Hierarchy Utilizing this principle in your design starts with your message first and the goals of your design. Contrast Contrast is an important principle of design because it lets you draw out the most important elements of a design and add emphasis.

Repetition Repetition is an important design basic because it helps strengthen the overall look of the design. Proximity Proximity is also helpful in creating organization on a page, since similar or related elements should be grouped together to create a relationship between them. Balance Balance gives a design its form and stability and helps to distribute the elements evenly throughout your design; this even spacing will offer an appearance that is professional and attractive instead of being jumbled and messy.

Log in with Facebook Log in with Google. Remember me on this computer. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. A short summary of this paper. Keywords: geomodel, Minex 5. Interpreta- Block model can be refreshed in terms tion of deposit and development the three- of entering the new data.

Fail;Seam prn. In the Middle to the lithological composition, the follow- Miocene, during Helvet, on older Miocene ing can be separated: Middle Miocene facies and often pretertial formations, the clastic of red clay sandstones, clay marls and tuffs, sediments were deposited discordantly as then Middle Miocene of marls, and Mio- well as the sediments of lake facies as the cene-Pliocene facies of freshwater limes- result of older Styrian phase Figure 1.

Pre- is about 10 m. The thickness of individual part of the deposit, the thickness of clay layers varies so there are unequal stratifica- layer reaches 35 m. It has been concluded by tion. Overlying clays, due to this reason, are previous explorations that, under a layer of treated as the other useful resources.

The clay, there is a series, built of: sands, sandy No. In a series of sand itself, thin ing reports and studies [2]. The thickness of these Geological works interlayers is from 10 cm to 50 cm. Below this series, cal mapping, monitoring, routing and geo- most often, there is a series of very clayey logical mapping of exploratory wells and sands, or more rarely, sandy clay. Below this exploratory drill holes, their sampling and series, a series of basal Miocene sediments interpretation of the obtained results, and lies.

The floor of this series consists of basal preparation of geological maps and devel- opment of cross-sections profile of deposit, sediments of the Miocene series, built of red countouring of deposit, calculation the re- sandy clay, basal conglomerate and red serves of mineral raw materials, etc.

Geolog- sandstone. The lowest layers of this series lie ical work could include also the design of all over titonic limestone [2]. Samples SSE. It is seenaccording to ther direction of were taken from exploratory drill holes, deposit expanding that it is approximately which were analyzed in the laboratories: m, and m wide direction E-W.

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